NAD: Key Health Benefits, Side Effects, Dosage, and more
Remote Pharmacy Research Team
June 14, 2025
NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme found in every living cell. It plays a central role in how your body turns food into energy, repairs DNA, and regulates many biological processes. In recent years, NAD levels have become a focus of interest in the fields of aging, metabolic health, and brain function.
NAD naturally declines with age, which may contribute to fatigue, slower metabolism, cognitive changes, and increased disease risk. For this reason, boosting NAD levels has gained attention as a strategy for improving cellular performance and overall health.
In this guide, we’ll explain what NAD is, how it works, and what science says about its health benefits. You'll also learn about the different forms of NAD supplements, how much to take, what to watch out for, and whether NAD therapy might be right for you.
NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a vital coenzyme found in all living cells. It plays a critical role in energy production by helping enzymes convert nutrients into usable fuel. NAD also supports cellular repair, gene expression, immune responses, and the activation of longevity-related proteins called Sirtuins.
There are two main form of NAD: NAD⁺ (oxidized) and NADH (reduced). These forms switch back and forth in chemical reactions that power cell metabolism. As we age, NAD levels naturally decrease, which can slow down cellular function and contribute to signs of aging and disease.
Because of its broad role in maintaining cell health, NAD is now widely studied for its impact on aging, brain function, metabolism, and energy.
NAD supports many systems in the body by fueling key biological processes. From improving energy production to slowing down cellular aging, its benefits affect the way we feel and function every day. Scientific interest in NAD has grown due to its potential to support brain health, metabolism, heart function, and immune balance. Below are five of the most well-documented areas where NAD may offer health advantages.
NAD is essential for activating Sirtuins, proteins that regulate cell repair, DNA maintenance, and longevity. As NAD levels drop with age, cells lose efficiency in repairing damage and protecting themselves. Boosting NAD may slow cellular aging, support regeneration, and extend healthy function in tissues throughout the body.
NAD plays a key role in brain energy metabolism. It helps protect neurons from oxidative stress, supports neurotransmitter production, and maintains mitochondrial health. Some research suggests that higher NAD levels may improve mental clarity, reduce brain fog, and protect against age-related cognitive decline.
NAD is deeply involved in how the body breaks down food and generates ATP, the energy currency of cells. Higher NAD activity improves mitochondrial efficiency, which can enhance physical stamina and metabolic rate. This has made NAD a point of interest for those struggling with fatigue, weight gain, or metabolic slowdown.
NAD helps regulate oxidative stress and inflammation, two major contributors to heart disease. It also supports healthy endothelial function, which maintains proper blood flow and pressure. Studies suggest that maintaining NAD levels may reduce cardiovascular risks, especially in older adults.
NAD contributes to proper immune cell signaling and inflammation control. By supporting mitochondrial health and reducing stress markers, NAD may help balance immune responses, reducing the risk of chronic inflammation and improving resilience to infections.
NAD precursors are compounds that help the body increase its own NAD⁺ levels. Two of the most researched and widely used precursors are NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) and NR (nicotinamide riboside). Both are forms of vitamin B3 and are found in small amounts in certain foods, but they’re also available as dietary supplements.
Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) converts into NMN in the body, which is then transformed into NAD⁺. NR has been widely studied for its safety and effectiveness in boosting NAD in humans. It is well-absorbed and has shown promising results in improving energy metabolism and cellular function.
NMN, on the other hand, bypasses one conversion step by entering cells and being directly used in NAD⁺ synthesis. Some researchers argue this makes NMN more efficient, but clinical evidence comparing the two is still limited. Both have demonstrated similar benefits in preclinical and small human trials.
Choosing between NMN and NR depends on factors like dosage form preference, cost, and availability. While both may support healthy aging and energy levels, more research is still needed to determine which one offers better results in humans.
Raising your NAD⁺ levels can support energy, metabolism, and cellular repair. While the body makes its own NAD naturally, age, stress, poor sleep, and illness can all reduce its availability. Several practical strategies can help restore optimal levels.
NAD levels can be increased through direct supplementation or precursor-based products like NMN and Nicotinamide Riboside (NR). These are widely available in capsule or powder form and are designed to help your body produce more NAD⁺ internally. Some clinics also offer NAD therapy, which delivers the coenzyme directly into the bloodstream. This method allows for rapid absorption but is more expensive and usually requires medical supervision.
Consistency and dosage are key. Daily use of NAD precursors has shown positive results in human and animal studies, especially when combined with other healthy lifestyle practices. However, users should speak to a healthcare provider before beginning NAD therapies, especially if they take medications or have chronic health conditions.
Certain foods contain vitamin B3 compounds that support natural NAD production. These include:
Lean meats and fish (like chicken and tuna)
Although diet alone won’t raise NAD levels dramatically, it supports overall cellular health and complements supplement use. Eating nutrient-rich foods also provides other cofactors that help the body metabolize NAD precursors more efficiently.
There is no universally fixed dosage for NAD or its precursors, as the right amount depends on the form used, the purpose of supplementation, and individual health needs. Most clinical studies and supplement brands provide guidance based on observed tolerability and effectiveness.
For Nicotinamide Riboside (NR), the typical dosage ranges from 250 mg to 500 mg per day, often taken in divided doses. This range has been shown to safely boost NAD⁺ levels in humans without serious side effects.
For Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN), studies often use doses between 250 mg and 600 mg daily. Some advanced users may take up to 1,000 mg per day, although the added benefits beyond 600 mg are still unclear.
Direct NAD⁺ IV therapy often involves professional dosing based on weight and medical goals. These treatments usually require medical oversight and are administered in clinical settings.
Before starting any NAD-related supplement, it’s important to consult a doctor, especially for people with preexisting conditions or those taking medications. Dosage may need adjustment for individuals with liver or kidney impairment.
If you're looking to support your energy levels, metabolism, or healthy aging, NAD supplements may be the right choice for you. At Remote Pharmacy, we offer access to quality NAD-related treatments that align with your personal health goals. Our licensed providers guide you through the process with fast evaluations, clear instructions, and ongoing support.
Getting started is simple. Complete a quick online consultation and, if eligible, receive your treatment delivered directly to your door, no long wait times or in-person visits required. Whether you're focused on boosting energy, improving focus, or supporting long-term wellness, Remote Pharmacy makes the process safe, convenient, and discreet.
Take the first step. Start your NAD treatment with Remote Pharmacy today.