Best Weight Loss Pills & Medications: Full Guide to Prescription and OTC Options
Remote Pharmacy Research Team
May 2, 2025
Finding the right weight loss pill or medication can make a big difference in a weight management journey. Today, there are many options available, from powerful prescription drugs to popular over-the-counter (OTC) supplements. Each option works in a different way to help reduce appetite, block fat absorption, or support metabolism.
In this complete guide, we explain who should consider weight loss medications, how they work, and which products are most effective. We also review the top prescription options, highlight trusted OTC supplements, and look at new treatments on the horizon. Whether you are starting your first plan or looking for stronger support, this guide will help you make informed choices.
Weight loss pills are not for everyone. They are recommended for adults with obesity or those who are overweight and have related health problems, such as diabetes or high blood pressure. People who have tried diet and exercise without enough success may also benefit. A doctor can help decide if medication is a safe and effective option based on health history and weight goals.
Weight loss medications are typically recommended for adults with:
Consultation with a healthcare provider is essential to determine suitability.
For individuals who struggle to achieve significant weight loss through diet and exercise alone, medications can offer additional support. Research indicates that introducing anti-obesity medications early in treatment can more than double weight loss compared to behavioral therapy alone
Weight loss medications help by changing how the body controls hunger, digestion, and fat storage. Some drugs reduce appetite, making it easier to eat less. Others block the absorption of fat or change hormone levels that affect metabolism. These actions support weight loss when combined with healthy eating and regular exercise.
Weight loss medications function through different mechanisms:
Appetite suppressants reduce hunger or increase feelings of fullness, leading to decreased calorie intake.
Fat absorption blockers, like orlistat, inhibit the digestion and absorption of dietary fats, reducing calorie intake from fat.
Some medications influence hormones that regulate appetite and metabolism. For instance, GLP-1 receptor agonists enhance insulin secretion and promote satiety, aiding in weight loss and blood sugar control.
Several prescription medications are approved to help with weight loss. These treatments work by reducing appetite, increasing feelings of fullness, or blocking fat absorption. Each medication has different effects, dosing schedules, and potential side effects. Choosing the right one depends on health goals, medical history, and doctor recommendations.
Semaglutide is a once-weekly injectable medication. It works by copying the function of GLP-1, a hormone that helps regulate hunger and blood sugar levels. People feel fuller sooner and eat less throughout the day.
Wegovy is approved for weight loss. In studies, users lost an average of 15% to 17% of their body weight over 12 months. Ozempic is used for type 2 diabetes but also supports weight reduction. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and constipation. If the medication is stopped, weight regain is likely.
Tirzepatide targets two hormones: GLP-1 and GIP. These hormones work together to reduce hunger and improve blood sugar control. It is injected once a week.
Zepbound is approved for weight loss, while Mounjaro is used for diabetes. In trials, users lost up to 25% of their body weight, one of the highest results among available medications. Side effects can include nausea, diarrhea, and low appetite, especially early in treatment.
Liraglutide is a GLP-1 agonist taken through daily injections. It slows stomach emptying and increases feelings of fullness. Saxenda is approved for weight management in adults and teens with obesity.
Users typically lose 5% to 7% of their body weight over a year. Common side effects include nausea, headaches, and fatigue. Daily dosing may be less convenient than weekly alternatives, but it remains effective for long-term use.
Phentermine is a short-term oral medication that reduces appetite by stimulating the central nervous system. It is usually taken once per day, in the morning.
Doctors prescribe it for up to 12 weeks, often alongside changes in diet and exercise. People can lose 5% to 10% of their body weight. Side effects include increased heart rate, restlessness, insomnia, and high blood pressure. Due to its stimulant nature, it is not suitable for long-term use.
Qsymia combines phentermine with topiramate. Phentermine suppresses appetite, while topiramate helps people feel full and may reduce cravings. This dual action leads to greater weight loss than using either drug alone.
It is taken as a daily pill. Studies show people can lose up to 10% of their body weight. Qsymia is approved for long-term use. Side effects include dry mouth, trouble sleeping, and mood changes. It is not safe during pregnancy, as topiramate may harm fetal development.
Contrave blends two medications: naltrexone, used for substance addiction, and bupropion, used for depression and smoking cessation. Together, they reduce appetite and control emotional eating.
It is taken as a tablet twice daily. People may lose 5% to 8% of their body weight. Side effects include nausea, constipation, dizziness, and headache. Because it affects brain chemicals, it should be used under close medical supervision, especially for people with a history of mood disorders.
Orlistat blocks enzymes in the gut that break down fat. This reduces fat absorption by about 30%, helping to lower calorie intake from food.
Xenical is the prescription version, while Alli is the lower-dose OTC version. People typically lose around 5% of their body weight. It does not affect hunger or metabolism. Common side effects include oily stools, flatulence, and urgent bowel movements, especially after high-fat meals.
Setmelanotide is designed for people with rare genetic conditions that cause obesity, such as POMC, LEPR, or BBS deficiency. It acts on a brain pathway that controls hunger signals.
It is a daily injection and is only approved for specific inherited disorders. When used correctly, it helps reduce hunger and leads to noticeable weight loss. Side effects may include skin discoloration, injection site irritation, and nausea. It is not suitable for general weight loss.
Plenity is a capsule taken before meals with water. It contains hydrogel particles that expand in the stomach, creating a feeling of fullness.
Unlike other medications, Plenity is not absorbed by the body. It passes through the digestive system and helps reduce food intake by taking up space in the stomach. It is approved for people with a BMI of 25 to 40, including those who are overweight but not classified as obese.
It has a low risk of side effects. Some users report bloating or mild abdominal discomfort. Plenity is a good option for people seeking a non-hormonal, non-stimulant solution.
OTC weight loss supplements often contain ingredients like green tea extract, caffeine, and fiber. However, evidence supporting their effectiveness is limited, and results vary among individuals
Unlike prescription medications, OTC supplements are not strictly regulated. Some may contain undisclosed ingredients or interact with other medications, posing health risks. It's crucial to consult a healthcare provider before using any supplement .
Several promising weight loss drugs are in development:
Orforglipron: An oral GLP-1 receptor agonist showing comparable efficacy to injectable options in early trials.
Retatrutide: A triple hormone receptor agonist demonstrating up to 24% weight loss in clinical studies.
Amycretin: A dual GLP-1 and amylin receptor agonist under investigation for its potential in weight management.
Experts anticipate that these emerging therapies could offer more accessible and effective options for weight management, particularly in regions where current treatments are limited by cost or administration challenges.
Today, the most effective weight loss medications are semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Zepbound, Mounjaro). Clinical studies show that people can lose between 15% and 25% of their body weight with these treatments when combined with diet and exercise. Both medications require a prescription and regular follow-up with a doctor.
Yes, prescription medications are usually more effective and better studied than over-the-counter (OTC) supplements. Prescription drugs go through strict clinical trials to prove their safety and effectiveness. OTC supplements often lack strong scientific proof and may have unpredictable results or hidden ingredients.
Yes, weight regain is common after stopping weight loss medications. These drugs help manage appetite, metabolism, and eating habits. Without them, old hunger signals can return, making it harder to maintain weight loss. Keeping up with a healthy diet and physical activity is important after stopping medication.
Most people take weight loss medications for several months to a few years. Doctors usually recommend continuing the medication as long as it is effective, safe, and helping with weight management goals. Some medications are approved for long-term use, while others are limited to short-term plans, like phentermine.
Weight loss medications do not work the same for everyone. Some people lose a lot of weight, while others may see only small changes. Factors like age, metabolism, genetics, diet, exercise habits, and health conditions all affect how well a medication works. Regular monitoring helps doctors adjust the treatment if needed.
Some insurance plans cover weight loss medications, especially if the person has obesity-related conditions like type 2 diabetes or hypertension. Medications like phentermine and orlistat are generally more affordable. Newer drugs like Wegovy or Zepbound can be expensive without coverage. It is important to check with the insurance provider before starting treatment.
Yes, some antidepressants can influence weight. Certain medications, like bupropion, may support weight loss. Others, such as paroxetine or mirtazapine, may lead to weight gain. If weight management is a concern, it is important to discuss antidepressant options with a healthcare provider.
Semaglutide, tirzepatide, phentermine, and bupropion/naltrexone (Contrave) are among the best options for reducing appetite. These medications work by changing how the brain controls hunger signals, helping people feel full faster and stay satisfied longer. Choice depends on the person’s health history and specific needs.
Yes, weight loss drugs can interact with other medications. Some can affect blood pressure, blood sugar, or mental health treatments. It is important to tell the doctor about all medications, vitamins, and supplements being used. This helps prevent dangerous interactions and ensures the treatment plan is safe.